Subsynchronous Resonance in Wind Farms

Large-scale integration of wind farms in transmission networks has led to several challenges; one of which is the need for increased transmission capacity to transport a bulk amount of wind power. Series compensation is an established means of enhancing the power transfer capability of existing transmission lines and is being increasingly considered for integrating large wind power plants. However, series compensated transmission lines may cause subsynchronous resonance (SSR) in turbine-generators, which can lead to electrical instability at subsynchronous frequencies and potential turbine-generator shaft failures. This thesis deals primarily with the potential of subsynchronous resonance in induction generator based wind farms connected to series compensated lines. Two types of Induction Generators - single cage and double cage, are considered to develop a state space model of the overall wind farm system. Eigenvalue analyses followed by participation factor analysis and sensitivity studies are performed over a wide range of operating conditions. These analyses include variations in the size of wind farm, wind power output, and series compensation levels. The potential for SSR in a wind farm is examined through a comprehensive small signal analysis. A novel equivalent circuit analysis is also presented in this thesis for investigating the impact of fault at wind farm terminals based on the resonant speeds of wind turbine generators. Both eigenvalue analysis and equivalent circuit studies are validated through electromagnetic transient simulations carried out using PSCAD/EMTDC software. These studies are conducted for both modified IEEE First SSR Benchmark systems and Second SSR Benchmark systems, and with three different commercially available wind turbine generators. It is found that induction generator effect based SSR may be experienced with large wind farms even at realistic levels of series compensation. This thesis proposes a STATCOM to alleviate SSR in such series compensated wind farms. Two STATCOM controllers are proposed and their performances compared. A detailed SSR study is also conducted to examine the impact of HVDC lines on Induction Generator Based wind farms. However, it is concluded that HVDC converter controller may not have the potential for torsional interaction with IG based wind farms. This thesis also presents a study of turbine trippings in a large commercially operated wind farm in Ontario. Detailed analysis has led to the conclusion that the trippings were caused due to harmonic resonances resulting from large transmission capacitor and wind park capacitors. Several recommendations are made in this thesis to avoid the future wind turbine trippings

Total Quality Management in an Automobile Supply Chain in Indian Market – A Case Study on Maruti Suzuki

In Indian market, customers see the quality ofthe product and simultaneously the price of that product. So, to be a winner inIndian market, quality of the product plays a major role with a peep into thedifferent segmented customers. So, total quality management (TQM) has beenwidely accepted as the ways and means for maintaining supply chain quality.From design to manufacturing, from factory to retailers or dealers or to endcustomers business are accepting TQM approach for achieving quality excellencethroughout the supply chain management. Hence, it is an attempt to describe howTQM is implemented for achieving supply chain quality management to influenceIndian market. Maruti Suzuki has taken as the best example for this context

Day-2 serum progesterone level and IVF/ICSI outcome: a comparative study

Background: Purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro fertilisation outcome in patients having normal or elevated day-2 serum progesterone level undergone IVF by using GnRH antagonist.Methods: A retrospective study conducted in Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Chennai during January 2013 to March 2014. According to patient’s Day-2 serum progesterone level the total no of cases (N=151) were divided into two groups group-1 (N=116) with progesterone value ≤1.5ng/ml and group-2 (N=35) with progesterone value>1.5ng/ml. Ovarian stimulation was started with recombinant FSH on day 2 and GnRH antagonist injections started from day 6 of stimulation. Total dose of gonadotropins, days of gonadotrophin injections, no of eggs collected, Clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were compared between two groups.Results: Two groups were similar with regards to age, BMI, days of gonadotrophins and total doses of gonadotrophins. Incidence of elevated P level was 23.17%. Total pregnancy rate was 36.42%. A non-statistically-significant difference was observed in clinical pregnancy (37.06% vs 34.28%) and live birth (32.75% vs 28.57%) between the normal and elevated progesterone groups.Conclusions: Elevated day-2 serum progesterone level   was associated with lower clinical pregnancy rate but it was not statistically-significant

Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty: A Comparative Study in Mobile Telecommunication Industry

This paper is a part of the doctoral research attempts to know the existence of significant difference between public and private telecom service providers concerning to customer satisfaction on customer loyalty and to know the degree of impact of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty as the two objectives and the data is collected through a structured questionnaire from 360 customers selected on stratified random basis from customers of both public sector and private sector mobile telecom service providers. The findings of the study is an useful information for both public sector and private sector mobile telecom service providers for the understanding of existing situation of the customer thought for their services. So this conclusion can get drawn here that the many of the other hidden components can be not revealed with this study effecting customer loyalty for the services of the service provider either the public or private. The further research might be able to find those components and would be revealing some other outcome. Key Words: Telecom service provider, mobile, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, public, private

Temporary cardiac pacing induced electrocardiographic changes simulating myocardial infarction

Temporary transvenous pacing is an immediate lifesaving measure in patients with Stokes-Adams syndrome and in patients with symptomatic bradycardia. Bradyarrhythmias are known to occur in acute myocardial infarction. But in a paced heart, it is difficult to diagnose myocardial infarction from electrocardiogram (ECG) because pacemaker rhythm causes distortion of natural wave forms. On the other hand, remarkable T wave inversions and ST depressions do occur in the ventricular paced ECG as secondary changes. The case report describes a patient who developed profound de novo T wave inversions and ST depressions in the unpaced ECG following temporary transvenous pacing simulating MI

Hepatitis C Virus and Inflammation

Inflammation is often a rapid coordinated response generated in the host against evading microbial infections or tissue injury. Microorganisms like bacteria and viruses instigate inflammation mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and activate cascade of signaling events leading to the recruitment of inflammatory cells (neutrophils and macrophages). Although the main function of inflammation is the resolution of infection, several viruses, including the hepatitis C viruses (HCV) have evolved to utilize this host response and make the cellular environments conducive to infection. In majority of infected individuals, HCV causes persistent chronic liver inflammation leading to development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activates nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) leading to the activation of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) that ultimately produces prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2), thus enhancing inflammatory process. Interestingly, HCV further activates NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome (a multiprotein complex) by recruiting adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a carboxy-terminal CARD (ASC) which are involved in activation of caspase-1 leading to production of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). In this chapter we have highlighted the recent advancements in HCV-induced inflammatory responses and discussed potential future directions to understand the role of inflammation during HCV infection

Provincialising Bollywood: Bhojpuri cinema and the vernacularisation of North Indian media

This thesis is an investigation of the explosive growth of Bhojpuri cinema alongside the vernacularisation of north Indian media in the last decade. As these developments take place under the shadow of Bollywood, the thesis also studies the aesthetic, political, and infrastructural nature of the relationship between vernacular media industries – Bhojpuri in particular – and Bollywood. The thesis then argues that Bhojpuri cinema, even as it provincialises Bollywood, aspires to sit beside it instead of displacing it. The outrightly confrontational readings notwithstanding, the thesis grapples with the ways in which the vernacular departs from its corresponding cosmopolitan form and how it negotiates cultural representation as an industry. The two chapters in Part I provide a narrative account of the discourses and media-texts that saturate the Bhojpuri public sphere. The prevailing discourses and the dominant texts, the thesis argues, resonate with each other, but also delimit the destiny of Bhojpuri film and media. The tug of war between the cultural and economic valuations of the Bhojpuri commodity, as between enchantment and discontent with its representative prowess, as also between ‘traditional’ values and reformist ‘modernity’, leaves us within an uncomfortable zone. The thesis shows how aspirations to male stardom consolidate this territory and become the logic by which the industry output keeps growing, in spite of a failing media economy. Each of the three chapters in Part II traces the historical trajectory of language, gendered use of public space, and piracy, respectively. In this part, the thesis establishes the analytical provenance for the emergence of Bhojpuri cinema in particular, and vernacular media in general. While Bhojpuri media allows Bhojpuri to seek its autonomy from state-supported Hindi, it also occupied the fringe economy of rundown theatres as Bollywood sought to move towards the multiplexes. If the advent of audiocassettes led to the emergence of Bhojpuri media sanskar, the availability of the single-screen economy after the arrival of multiplexes cleared the space for the theatrical exhibition of Bhojpuri cinema. The suboptimal transactions of counterfeit media commodities, on the other hand, regulate the legal counterpart and widen the net of distribution beyond the film theatre. I argue that the suboptimal practices are embedded within the unstable meanwhile. As an occupant of this meanwhile temporality, Bhojpuri film and media, whether in rundown theatres or on cheap mobile phones, grow via contingent and strategic coalitions. This thesis, then, argues that cinema as a form makes it possible for Bhojpuri speaking society to confront, and reconcile with, its own corporeality – the aural and visual footprints, the discursive and ideological blind spots, and the aspiration to break free. On account of the media economy and its power to ratify a new order of hierarchy via celebrity, Bhojpuri media threatens to transform the social order, yet remains open to the possibility of manipulation by which the old order could rechristen itself as new

Image-based Skin Disease Detection and Classification through Bioinspired Machine Learning Approaches

A self-learning disease detection model will be useful for identifying skin infections in suspected individuals using skin images of infected patients. To detect skin diseases, some AI-based bioinspired models employ skin images. Skin infection is a common problem that is currently faced due to various reasons, such as food, water, environmental factors, and many others. Skin infections such as psoriasis, skin cancer, monkeypox, and tomato flu, among others, have a lower death rate but a significant impact on quality of life. Neural Networks (NNs) and Swarm intelligence (SI) based approaches are employed for skin disease diagnosis and classification through image processing. In this paper, the convolutional neural networks-based Cuckoo search algorithm (CNN-CS) is trained using the well-known multi-objective optimization technique cuckoo search. The performance of the suggested CNN-CS model is evaluated by comparing it with three commonly used metaheuristic-based classifiers: CNN-GA, CNN-BAT, and CNN-PSO. This comparison was based on various measures, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. These measures are calculated using the confusion matrices from the testing phase. The results of the experiments revealed that the proposed model has outperformed the others, achieving an accuracy of 97.72%

Empty follicle syndrome after GnRH agonist trigger, rescued with HCG in a donor oocyte with successful pregnancy outcome: a case report

Empty follicle syndrome (EFS) is a rare condition characterized by failure to obtain oocytes despite repeated meticulous aspiration from normally growing ovarian follicles during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. Here we report a case of empty follicle syndrome in donor oocyte cycle after gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) triggering for final oocyte maturation. Her estradiol on the day of trigger was 4564.3 IU/L. No oocytes were collected from the right ovary and the procedure was abandoned. The patient was successfully rescued by retriggering with 10,000 units of Inj. hCG and 5 oocytes were collected after 35 hours of retriggering. All oocytes were mature (MII) and fertilized by recipient’s husband sperm. Recipient cycle was prepared by hormone therapy, and underwent day 3 fresh embryo transfer. Successful pregnancy was achieved and a term female child was delivered at 37 weeks by lower segment caesarean section. Management options of EFS in hyper responder patients triggered with GnRH agonist may be a risk factor for empty follicle syndrome & retriggering with Rescue hCG might help in oocyte retrieval in a donor.